Organic farming is a form of agriculture that avoids or excludes the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, plant growth regulators and livestock feed additives. Organic farming is also known as ecological farming in many countries, it reflects the reliance on the ecosystem management instead of external inputs whether chemical or organic.
The role of organic agriculture is to sustain and enhance the health of ecosystems and organisms from the smallest soil to the human beings. The main aim of the organic farming is to enhance the soil health. Organic farmers usually use various methods in organic farming, these include the crop rotation, crop residues, animal manures, green manure, cover cropping, application of compost, mulching, and mechanical cultivation.
The organic farmers use certain processed fertilizers such as seed meal, and various mineral powders such as greensand and rock phosphate. These methods help in maintaining the soil productivity and to supply the plant nutrients and to control weeds, insects and other pests.
Organic farming is helpful in creating integrated, humane, environmentally and economically sustainable agriculture production systems. The maximum reliance is placed on locally or farm-derived renewable resources and the management of self-regulating ecological and biological processes and interactions to provide the acceptable levels of the crop, livestock and human nutrition, protection from the pests and diseases, and an appropriate return to the human and other resources employed.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 08:27.
Dairy farming is the most successful business for farmers. This is a business to raise stocks and food production. Dairy farmers target to ensure the safety and quality of the raw milk to satisfy the highest expectations of the food industry and consumers. The on-farm practices should ensure that milk is produced by healthy animals under the acceptable conditions for the animals and in balance with the local environment.
There are many significant principles that apply to the production, processing and handling of the all milk and milk products. All the dairy products should be subject to a combination of control measures. These measures should meet the appropriate level of public health protection.
It is important to apply the good hygienic practices throughout the production and processing chain, so that the milk and milk products are safe and suitable for the intended use. The hygienic practices for milk and milk products should be implemented with the general principles of food hygiene.
Good farming practices support the marketing of safe, quality-assured milk based products. All the dairy farmers, suppliers to diary farmers, milk carriers and haulers, diary products and food manufacturers, distributors and retailers should be part of an integrated food safety and quality assurance management system.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 08:26.
Flowers are the jewels of ‘mother nature’. Every flower has its own beauty and uniqueness. Roses are the ‘Queen of flowers,’ these add elegance and a real joy to any yard. If you love roses, you will surely be pleased to find that rose plantation is very easy and inexpensive. The amazing fragrance of roses adds to their beautiful look. You can grow your own roses in your own garden or farm by understanding the basics of nature’s garden.
Roses have many varieties such as climbing roses, old roses, shrub roses, modern roses and English roses. Rose plants can grow well under the difficult conditions and bloom almost continuously from early summer to frost. Their proper plant nutrition is easy and simple to provide with the use of complete plant food that supplies all the vital elements needed from the soil.
The regular use of insecticide and fungicide can prevent the insect and disease problems easily. You need to prepare the soil for rose plantation. Manure is the best for digging in the soil when you prepare for planting roses. If the farmyard manure is not readily available, the best substitute is basic slag. Apply this, after spreading it over the surface at the rate of 1/2 lb. to each square yard, and then digging it in the bed.
Roses from the pots may be planted at any time of year, however preferably not later than May, since the roots are not distributed. Roses need no further manure, except occasional dressings of fertilizer during summer.
Fishes are the excellent water animals to rear. Now-a-days, fish farming is becoming very popular and touts itself as a solution to the depleted ocean stocks of fish. The world production of the farmed fish has more than doubled in the last 15 years. Fish farming provides many profitable opportunities. On the commercial level, the raising and selling of fish has proven to be economically successful.
Fish is a healthy food, low in calories and cholesterol levels, but rich in the protein, this has increased its consumer demand. Fish can convert the feed into body tissue more efficiently than most farm animals, transforming about 70 percent of the feed into flesh. The fishes also have excellent dress-out qualities, it provides an average of 60 percent body weight as marketable product and a greater proportion of edible, lean tissue than most livestock.
Fishes can be cultured in the relatively small amounts of water. The healthy farm-reared fish, guaranteed free of diseases, pesticides and other harmful toxicants is more desirable substitute for the wild fish from potentially polluted waters. Fish farming requires special knowledge, skills, and careful considerations.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 08:24.
Industrial agriculture is form of modern agriculture that refers to the industrialized production of poultry, livestock, fish, and crops. It is capital-intensive, substituting machinery and the purchased inputs for human and animal labor. The methods of industrial agriculture are techno-scientific, economic and political.
They include the creation in agriculture machinery and farming methods, genetic technology, techniques for achieving economies of scale in production, the creation of new markets for consumption, the application of patent protection to genetic information, and global trade.
The industrial agriculture sees the farm as a factory with “inputs” such as pesticides, feed, fertilizer and fuel; and “outputs” corn, chickens, and so on. The main aim of industrial agriculture is increase yield and to reduce costs of production. The methods of industrial agriculture are used in producing meat, dairy, eggs, fruits and vegetables available in supermarkets.
Industrial agriculture mostly depends on the synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, large amounts of irrigation water, major transportation systems, factory-style practices for increasing livestock, and machine technology. The features of industrial agriculture include monoculture, few crop varieties, use of chemical and other inputs, and the separation of animal and plant agriculture.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 07:56.
Elk farming is relatively new agriculture industry. Elk, also referred as Wapiti, are a magnificent and unique animal possessing many attributes that are suitable for business development. Every year, bull elk produce velvet or soft horn, highly valued by East Asian cultures. According to a recent research in North American, antler velvet is effective for nutritional joint support and maintenance.
Nutritionally the superior elk meat (AKA venison) is becoming more popular and is also developing rapidly. The controlled “sport” hunting is also earning popularity. These markets are supplied with animals from a stepping up breeding industry. The animals are expertly farmed to produce the maximum value offspring annually which can be sold at fluctuating market prices.
The elk farming in the U.S. is in early growth stage. The breeding stock is of the significant value. Now-a-days, farmers are trying to grow the biggest and best elk in their elk farming business. Elk are the hardy animals that require little of the attention required of cattle. They will eat whatever they can forage, including the shrubs, leaves and tree bark. The preferred feeds for elk include green alfalfa and grain supplement.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 07:55.
Petunia is a one of the well-cultivated genus of flowering plants. Its origin is of South American origin in the family Solanaceae, and the flower got its name from French that picked the word petun. The varieties of petunia are mostly seen in gardens, including hybrids (Petunia x hybrida).
Petunias are insect pollinated, except Petunia exserta, which is a rare, bird pollinated species. The most petunias are diploid with 14 or 18 chromosomes and are inter-fertile with species of other petunia. For the growth of petunia, the best is to keep them in full sunlight and water them only when their soil is dry to the touch. These flower plants are generally grown as annuals in the temperate areas, and these are perennial in warm climates.
Flowers of petunia are bright and lively, bloom from spring until frost, and give lovely fragrance. These are really easy to grow, both in garden as well as in containers. Petunias have more than hundreds of varieties, which fall into four distinct categories, based on the flower size and growth habit.
Grandiflora petunias produce large flowers, which are three to four or more inches across. They may be singles or roughly doubles. Some have a pendulous, cascading habit that makes them more suitable for hanging baskets and window boxes, but mostly are upright plants.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 07:30.
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Flowers play important role in the celebrations and every day lives of the people. Weddings, Valentine’s Day, graduations, funerals, Mother’s Day, Easter and Christmas all demand for flowers and plants. Floriculture is the cultivation of flowers or flowering plants. In the floriculture, the genetic engineering helps in the production of certain flower characteristics or traits that are desired in the directed manner.
Floriculture is the growing of cut flowers, potted flowering, foliage plants, and bedding plants in the greenhouses and/or in the fields. There are more than thousands of the different species of the flowers and plants that are grown as commercial crops. The cut flowers include the crops as roses, freesia, alstromeria and snapdragons. African violets, orchids, cyclamen and potted Chrysanthemums are some of the popular flowering potted plants that are available year-round.
Many seasonal flowering plants are an essential part of the traditions, like Easter lilies for Easter and poinsettias for Christmas. The tropical plants are generally available year-round and these include such genera as dieffenbachia, ficus and philodendron. The bedding plants include impatiens, geraniums, lobelias, pansies and marigolds.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 07:29.
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Dairy farming is one of the best businesses of producing food. The safety and quality of the raw milk will satisfy the maximum expectations of the food industry and consumers. On-farm practices should ensure that milk is produced by healthy animals under acceptable conditions for the animals and in balance with the local environment.
All dairy products should subject to a combination of control measures: Good Agricultural Practice – GAP and Good Manufacturing Practice - GMP). Keep in mind that these should meet the appropriate level of public health protection. Good hygienic practices should be used throughout the production and processing chain so that the milk and milk products are safe and suitable for their intended use.
Dairy farmers should ensure that good agricultural, hygienic and animal husbandry practices are employed at the farm level. The focus should be on preventing a problem rather than solving it after it has occurred. Good dairy farming practices should contribute to ensure milk and milk products are safe and suitable for the intended use.
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Submitted by admin on Wed, 11/28/2007 - 06:56.
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